A deficiency is a lack of something... Example : there is a deficiency of oxygen in the air.
In mathematics, a deficient number is a number n for which σ(n) < 2n.
In medicine there are a variety of nutrient deficiencies:
Avitaminosis is a deficiency of vitamins.
Boron deficiency (medicine)
Chromium deficiency
Iron deficiency (medicine)
Iodine deficiency
Magnesium deficiency (medicine)
Micronutrient deficiency
In construction, a deficiency is an item or condition that is considered sub-standard or below minimum expectations, such as those mandated by either drawings or specifications or the building code or the fire code, and/or any combination of the foregoing. Deficiencies are routinely discussed and dealt with in construction site meetings.
In genetics, a genetic deletion is also called a Deficiency.
In Real estate law, a deficiency in the ability to pay off a debt is also called a deficiency judgment or deficiency judgement.